Central Line Related Blood stream Infection (CLR-BSI)
Central Line Related Blood Stream Infections (CLR-BSI)
The Case for Preventing Central Venous Catheter related Bloodstream Infections.
- ●Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) are being used increasingly in the inpatient and outpatient setting to provide long-term venous access. CVCs disrupt the integrity of the skin, making infection with bacteria and/or fungi possible. Infection may spread to the bloodstream and hemodynamic changes and organ dysfunction (severe sepsis) may ensue, possibly leading to death. Approximately 90% of the catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSIs) occur with CVC.
- ● Forty-eight percent of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in the U.S. have central venous catheters, accounting for 15 million central-venous-catheter-days per year in U.S.-based ICUs. Studies of catheter-related bloodstream infections that control for the underlying severity of illness suggest that mortality attributable to these infections is between 4% and 20%. Thus, it is estimated that 500 to 4000 U.S. patients die annually due to bloodstream infections.
- ●In addition, nosocomial bloodstream infections prolong hospitalization by a mean of 7 days.Attributable cost per bloodstream infection is estimated to be between US $3,700 and $29,000. There are no equivalent Canadian figures for burden of illness. (as per literature).
- Purpose
- To identify the incidence of Central Venous Line Related Infections within the WRHA ICU's.
- The monitoring of the incidence over time will identify the magnitude of the problem within a specific area or unit and will enable comparisons between selected ICU's across Canada (Canadian Collaborative - Safer Health Care Now).
- This should lead to the review of practices occuring at the time of insertion as well as the care processes relating to the maintenance of the catheter dressings.
- GOAL
- Eliminate this preventable patient harm.
Criteria for Central Line Related Blood Stream Infections (CLR-BSI
Laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection must meet at least one of the following criteria and have occurred in the ICU or within 48 hours of leaving the ICU:
- Criterion 1:
Patient has a recognized pathogen cultured from one or more blood cultures and the organism cultured from blood is not related to an infection at another site.
- Criterion 2:
Patient has at least one of the following signs or symptoms:
- fever (>38 C)
OR
- chills
OR
- hypotension
OR
- Signs of infection of catheter insertion site/tunnel
PLUS
- at least one of the following (A or B) below:
a.) Common skin commensal (comtaminant) is cultured from two or more blood cultures drawn on separate occasions. (e.g. diphtheriods, Bacillus sp., Propionibacterium sp., coagulase-negative staphylococci, or micrococci).
OR
b.) Common skin commensal (comtaminant) is cultured from at least one blood cultures from a patient with an intravascular line. (e.g. diphtheriods, Bacillus sp., Propionibacterium sp., coagulase-negative staphylococci, or micrococci).
AND
physician institutes appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
DISCUSSION
- need to attached or link the rest of the teaching package for this project. TOstryzniuk 18:48, 2 July 2008 (CDT)
Template:Stub TOstryzniuk 19:42, 26 June 2008 (CDT)